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Stainless Steel Welding Rods (E308-16)
AWS E308-16 is applicable for welding of Cr19Ni10, 0Cr19Ni11Ti Stainless steels
Good anti-red and anti-pore performance, good corrosion resistance. Wtih little spatter and the welding slag is easy to flake. The weld metal has good corrosion resistance and the mechanical character and crack resistance are fine.Deposited metal Specifications:
Chemical composition of the deposited metal(%):
C≤0.08 Mn:0.5-2.5 Si≤0.90 Cr:18.0-21.0 Ni:9.0-11.0 S≤0.03 P≤0.04 Mo≤0.75 Cu≤0.75
Mechanical properties of the deposited metal(%):
σb ≥ 550MPa δ5 (%) ≥ 35
Reference Current:
diameter: 2.5mm 3.2mm 4.0mm 5.0mm
current(A):50-80 80--110 110--160 160--200
NOTICE:
- Must be baked at 150'C for an hour before use.
- It is better to use lower DC current than AC during welding.
The corrosion resistant characteristics of stainless steels may be adversely affected by the sensitization process occurring, while Welding-stainless, in a certain temperature interval from about 600 to 900'C (from about 1100 to 1650'F) which promotes the precipitation (gathering) of chromium carbides at grain boundaries and the parallel loss of anticorrosive chromium from the base metal.
Another is to use a different type of base metal including an amount of titanium (type 321) or columbium (also known as niobium) (type 347) which tend to form readily titanium carbides (or columbium carbides) (and by this action the carbon becomes unavailable for chromium) at sensitization temperatures leaving the chromium free to perform its anticorrosive task.
Note that the filler metal for this material, if required, should be always of type 347. Why? Because titanium (in type 321) being reactive, is not readily recovered during deposition, so that it would not be available when it is needed most. Columbium however is not reactive, it will stay put through melting, and, when the material is heated to the "sensitization" temperature, will do its job of producing columbium carbides in preference to chromium carbide, and so it will save the day.
The third strategy for safely Welding-stainless is to perform a solution heat treatment at elevated temperature (about 1050 oC or 1900 oF), for repairing a condition of corrosion susceptibility. This puts again in solution (called solid solution) the chromium carbides originated during Welding-stainless sensitization of regular 18/8 stainless (like types 302 or 304). This process however must contend with problems of heavy oxide formation if not done in vacuum or protective atmosphere, and of distortions.
Stainless steel welding electrode type 309 and 310, used for elevated temperature applications, and type 316 or better type 316L used for enhanced corrosion resistance, are generally not prone to sensitization and are used with filler wires of similar composition.